Ms. Armstrong has now taught us the Scale Factor. A Scale Factor is a certain number that scales or multiplies some quantity. It is the ratio of any two conforming measurement in two alike geometric figures.
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This triangle images came from http://intermath.coe.uga.edu/dictnary/images/simlarty/SASsim.gif.
I also have found http://www.worsleyschool.net/science/files/scalefactor/factors.html that has explanations on the Surface Area and Volume with the use of Scale Factors (3D Objects).
To practice yourself of knowing this scale factor, I have searched, let's say, a small "test".
I hope that I helped you somehow to understand scale factor and how to get it.:-)